PVA wood glues are not similar to white PVA craft or school glues. They’re both based on the same synthetic resin (polyvinyl acetate), but PVA wood glues are stronger, set faster, can be sanded, and are more water/heat resistant. Some wood glues, such as aliphatic resins, are also dry yellow. PVA wood glue is a type of thermoplastic that comes from the polyvinyl ester family. discovered in 1912 by the German chemist Fritz Klatte as a new type of bonding agent that does not exhale any odours or toxic steams. It is one of the most common types of glue on the market for crafting and woodwork. This is due to its quick bonding properties, its plasticity and the non-toxic elements that make it safe for anyone to use with bare hands. PVA wood glues are essentially modified types of standard PVA craft glue. Both craft glue and PVA wood glue are derived from the polyvinyl acetate polymer, but the modifications to PVA wood glue make it better appropriated to woodworking applications
What makes PVA Glue appropriate for Woodwork operations?
If you are doing different crafts or repair processes, you will realize how important it is to select the right sort of glue. Although you might choose any adhesive at random, it is significant to choose an adhesive that is sturdy, suitable and versatile enough to present a broad range of usage. Polyvinyl acetate, or PVA wood adhesive, is specifically designed for adsorption on wood surfaces and excess adhesion. You can use PVA wood glue to glue a wide span of materials, from paper and cardboard to wood and other handicrafts. So, how does PVA wood glue function, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of using it?
What is the variation Between PVA and Wood Glue?
Standard PVA glue – often referred to as craft glue or school glue (Known materials to be used for glue sticks are PVA or PVP). Sometimes referred to as white glue or school glue, children and crafters used PVA craft glue to cohesion things like paper, cardboard, and fabrics, and it’s both odourless and can be easily cleaned up with water only.
White PVA wood glue is a modified version of standard PVA glue to better appropriate woodworking usages. One likeness with regular craft glues is that white PVA wood glues can easily be cleaned up with water, making it easy to clean off any surplus adhesive or glue squeeze from whatever you’re working on. Another similarity is that white PVA wood glues usually dry with a translucent film that’s essentially colourless when completed dried. In terms of differences, many kinds of PVA wood glue feature additional chemical attributes or additives that make them stronger than regular PVA craft glues. Also, while some PVA wood glues are available in slower setting varieties, most typically dry much faster. Another considerable difference and benefit of PVA wood glue is its perfectible water resistance. While craft glue has little to no water resistance, most white PVA wood glues fare better, with even interior grades typically resisting a defined amount of humidity. And eventually, another area where PVA wood glue eclips craft glue is in its capability to be sanded once dry. PVA wood glues usually dry harder, meaning you can sand them to improve their look and finish.
Can You Use PVA Glue Instead of Wood Glue?
PVA craft glue is a multi-purpose glue that you can use to bond various materials, including paper, cardboard, and fabric.
You can also use PVA craft glue to bond wood, although you’ll be missing out on some of the filtrations that make PVA-based wood glues a much better choice for wood.
Aside from PVA craft glue potentially being cheaper and easier to find than committed PVA wood glue,
We’d conflict to find a strong enough reason to overrule wood glue in approval of craft glue for your woodworking plans.
A dedicated PVA wood glue gets our vote every time, and here’s why:
You can clean up most PVA wood glues with water alone (just like with craft glue).
They have a stronger initial tack or ‘bite’, which reduces clamping duration.
They dry much faster
They’re stronger once fully bonded
They’re much less susceptible to creep and they’re more water-resistant and heat-resistant than craft glues and sandable for a great finish
Type of modified PVA
Aliphatic resin wood glue – another modified version of standard PVA wood glue that’s also better appropriated to woodworking applications. Aliphatic resins contain tackifying resins or ‘tackifiers’ to improve some of the natural weaknesses of standard PVA for woodworking, for example, the glue’s negligible water resistance and high susceptibility to creep. Although the tackifiers used in aliphatic resins range from yellow to light brown, these glues get the majority of their color from dyes which are added to support differentiate them from normal white PVA glues. The changing of the color is essentially a marketing action, although there is possibly a small advantage to be had from the glue more closely matching the color of the wood on which it’s being used. Aliphatic resin glue is chemically alike to PVA (white glue), but it is chemically modified to make it stronger and more waterproof. It is usually a buttery yellow color and is sold as carpenter’s wood glue. The public name carpenter’s glue describes the aliphatic resins. Like the white glues, these are sold in squeeze bottles, but aliphatic resin glues are actually much stronger than the polyvinyl resins. This creamy yellow glue dries very fast(you can leave the pieces clamped a minimum of an hour, but two hours is preferable, and there’s no harm in waiting still longer). Carpenter’s glue is simple to use, dries a translucent amber color, and is more easily sanded than white glue, which tends to soften due to the heat of the sanding process. Like white glue, however, carpenter’s glue is not for use in damp or exterior applications. It sets more quickly at warm temperatures, but can be used effectually at temperatures as low as 45 degrees.
Difference between aliphatic resins and white PVA wood glues
The first and most clear difference is the color of the glue upon drying. Most PVA wood glues are dry translucent and colorless, while aliphatic resins generally dry yellow or light brown depending on the tackifier and the specific shade of dye used.
Aliphatic resin glues are usually more expensive than white PVA wood glues.
Another difference is the ability to ‘unstick’ the glue’s bond upon dry. In most cases, you can reverse the curing of a white PVA wood glue by adding water, but the additional chemical reactions in aliphatic resins mean that this isn’t always feasible. Applying heat is usually the best method to de-bond an aliphatic resin.
We’ve found that yellow aliphatic resin glues have a better initial ‘bite’ that reduces the amount of clamping time necessary. A potential disadvantage to this, although, is that you’ll have short time for specially complex assemblies, and you’ll be beneath a bit more time pressure to have everything in place in prior the glue sets.
Aliphatic resins are generally more water-resistant and heat-resistant than formal PVA wood glues.
We’ve mentioned that white PVA wood glues dry harder than craft glues, but aliphatic resins dry even harder yet. due to this, they can be easier to sand to achieve a flat finish.
Cyanoacrylate wood glues
Often referred to as CA glues, they’re available in a variety of thicknesses, with thicker CA glues being suitable for gap filling as well as bonding.
Cyanoacrylate glue, or CA for short, is generally known by trade names such as Super Glue and Krazy Glue. It is a sorely strong and fast-setting adhesive existing in three viscosities: thin, medium, and thick. Thinner glues have faster set times, while thicker versions have better gap-filling abilities. Once cured, CA is hard, crystal clear and waterproof but can be contrayed with a special solvent or acetone. Though the solvent specifically for CA is expensive, it has the advantage of being faster acting and secured. CA polymerizes, or hardens, when it comes in contact with moisture in the air and on surfaces it is applied to. Surface area is key to how quickly polymerization is accomplished – the thinner CA is deployed, the greater the surface area and, thus, the faster it will cure. Thicker pools of glue take longer to cure, from 10–60 seconds, or even longer. To instantly harden the glue you can use an accelerator, which comes in a pump bottle. Hold the pump bottle vertically, with the spout about eight inches above the work piece and about one foot from the work piece and disperse the accelerator. It is important to apply the accelerator sparingly or it will turn the surface white, an effect called blooming. Too much glue or high humidity can also induce blooming; regardless of the cause, it is only cosmetic.
Polyurethane wood glues
These glues typically foam up quite a bit when drying, and the squeeze out usually needs scraping back or sanding. A main benefit of polyurethane glues is that they’re waterproof, making them ideal for outdoor projects. The main benefit of PU glue is its capability to bond. In many cases, it bonds so strongly that clamps and fixings won’t be needed. This way you can get on with the job without having to wait for the adhesive to dry.
In general, polyurethane adhesives are durable and flexible. That means they can tolerate more wear and tear and will not crack. due to this, the bond they provide lasts much longer than many other types of adhesives. There are some adhesives you can’t utilize in wet conditions as they will not be set. Moisture curing polyurethane glue will actually set and cure faster where moisture is existent. Because PU adhesive is waterproof it can be used for exterior projects. It can be used for items that are completely immersed, and its resistance to water is very high. You should check the instructions on the brand, as some are more waterproof than others.
Polyurethane glue bonds to a range of porous and non-porous materials, including wood, concrete, glass, and metal. This gives it a major advantage over many other types of adhesives for numerous applications. Unlike epoxy resin, single component polyurethane glue can be used directly from the container without measuring or mixing. It’s also available in a range of easy-to-use dispensers.
Polyurethane adhesives are used in a vast range of industries, from engineering to boat building. The motor industry generally uses these adhesives for bonding windscreens and on the interiors of vehicles. Meanwhile, heat, chemical and impact-resistant polyurethanes are useful in many industries, both as sealants and adhesives.
Polyurethane-based glue is widely beneficial in the construction industry. Because it will bond to a wide variety of materials it’s the perfect choice for many tasks. These contain bonding plasterboard to wooden joists and carpentry jobs such as cabinets and staircases.
Epoxy
epoxy glue can be used on wood and is one of the most popular adhesives woodworkers use to ensure their masterpieces look brand-new for years to come. Epoxy adhesives are made when a resin and hardener are mixed, which creates a tough bond through a chemical reaction. Because of this epoxy glue for wood is a trusted adhesive to create a strong, glossy, and resistant finish on wood pieces.
Some general ideas where you can utilize epoxy glue for woodworking are:
Coating floors to maintain their original look Coating tables and countertops to prevent spills and other mishaps from ruining the wood’s appearance DIY crafts, such as creating, such as railings, chair and table legs, and stairs Sealing and repairing marine vessels with epoxy glue for wood boats Epoxy adhesive is effectual on wood because epoxy has the capability to penetrate into the cells of the wood. Once the epoxy glue for wood cures, it creates a strong bond that is resistant to moisture, water, chemicals, and heat. Because of wood epoxy’s ability to saturate wood fibres, it will help prevent the wood from deteriorating.
Hide glues
A natural kind of wood glue, these glues are usually made from the hide or bones of cattle. They’re non-toxic and prepare a well level of chemical and water resistance. Primarily boiled animal collagen, hide glue comes in two forms: liquid and solid crystals melted in a hot water bath and applied with a brush. The liquid at room-temperature hide glue uses urea crystal additives to keep it fluid and allow more time to work. Hot glue, in contrast, will cure as it cools, which is soon after usage.
Today, woodworkers choose both forms of hide glue primarily for the leeway (i.e., reversibility) it offers as it dries and its natural lubricating properties. It creates lasting, yet flexible joints, which is why many antiques are still restored with hide glue. Using this adhesive keeps the quality of antiques and honors traditional craftsmanship, making it the foremost wood glue for furniture of old eras. In, hide glue provides more time to excellently fit two parts of the wood. When fully set and dried, it is a superb choice for furniture structure and other tight, lasting bonds. Both types of hide glue are often used in guitar and stringed instrument construction.
Hot glues
Wood glue is designed to retain strong and create long-lasting wood joints, but it takes some moments to dry. Hot glue, on the other hand, becomes hardened almost at once. In fact, you can use hot glue as an unobtrusive method for clamping two wood joints together while the wood glue dries.
Hot glue doesn\’t stick nice to smooth non-porus surfaces. Like eflitetray suggested a piece of smooth metal may work. I\’d stay away from glass (cold glass, hot glue = potential for shattered glass).
Hot glue can be used on porous and non-porous areas. Due to its high viscosity, it can bond uneven surfaces together and is great at filling gaps.
Often referred to as hot melt adhesive, the glue comes as a stick that is heated and vented from the nozzle of a hot glue gun. perhaps better suited to hobbyists than woodworkers, one main disadvantage is that the glue will return to a liquid when reheated.
*The chemical virtues of each of these several kinds of glue impression things like drying time, the color the wood glue dries, strength, ability to withstand exposure to moisture, etc.
Benefits of PVA Glue
PVA glue can easily be absorbed by porous materials including wood, cloth, paper and cardboard. This allows it to absorb into materials and create an even stronger bond between them as it dries.
It is water-soluble, so you can add water to create a thinner and more even coat of glue.
Unlike some glues, PVA is non-acidic and will not alter the pH content of other materials. This makes it especially helpful when used with paper products as it will not cause any deterioration.
When PVA dries it remains completely clear, avoiding unsightly yellow joins that can detract from the overall visual appeal of the crafted object.
When PVA dries it remains completely clear, avoiding unpleasant yellow joins that can reduce the all-over visual magnetism of the crafted object.
PVA stays flexible even when dry, making it an excellent binding agent for books and other crafts.
PVA is completely non-toxic unless fed. It gives off no perilous gases and will not harm the skin when touched.
inverse other glues PVA does not produce any disagreeable odours that can be off-putting or galling when used.
That’s not to say that these glues won’t bond other materials, because in most cases, they will, but they’re essentially intended for woodworking usage or for things like repairing wooden furniture.
Downsides of PVA Glue
PVA glue can still be susceptible to damage and deterioration from fungi, yeast, bacteria and lichens.
If frozen, the polymer will break up, rendering the glue itself ineffective.
You cannot varnish over PVA. However, you can still paint over it.
It can take up to a full day for the PVA bond to reach full strength.
PVA is water-soluble, so dried PVA bonding can dissolve if exposed to water.
PVA wood glues are generally good for:
Gluing two new pieces of wood together (this could be any combination of end grain, face grain, or side grain).
Gluing older pieces of timber where any existing glue or paint has been removed with the surfaces degreased beforehand to provide a stronger joint.
Minor gap filling requirements (a thicker CA glue is better for larger gaps, but we’ve found that PVA wood glue works well for smaller gaps).
widely used in different applications including electronics, biomedical, packaging, textile and food products
There are different advantages and disadvantages to each kind of wood glue, and particular adhesives will be better suited to specific applications or uses. Here are just several of the methods that PVA, aliphatic resin, cyanoacrylate (CA), polyurethane, epoxy, and hide wood glues can differ: Whether they’re made from synthetic or natural materials
Whether they’re made from synthetic or natural materials
Whether they’re a liquid or gel
How long they take to dry
Their strength once dry
Their color straight from the bottle
The color they dry
Whether they’re toxic or non-toxic
Whether they’re water-resistant or waterproof
Their ability to be sanded
Their shelf life
What it takes to clean them up (e.g. water or chemicals)
The temperature they can be used in
Whether they can be painted or stained over
Their ability to resist damage from solvents
Physical Properties:
Appearance, Solid content, Viscosity, Minimum Film forming temperature (MFT), Dry film: transparent or colorless, Cold Resistance, Density, PH
Appearance, Color:
Relevant to the application, project, or repair, the color of the wood glue might be valuable considering. For glues that don’t sand exclusively well, such as epoxies, finding a product that closely matches the wood or spot color can be so important.
While many folks might not be eager to use an animal-based adhesive such as hide glue, it has a major benefit: it hardly affects stain penetration and color. Hide glue rarely shows when it comes to blemishing woodworking projects and joints. The excusion is that when it’s painted with latex paint, it can begin to crack or bubble.
Solid content:
Refers to the amount of solid compounds in the adhesive that stay in the adhesive film after drying and hardening. Adhesives can have a high or low solid percentage. The solid part of the adhesive include of the main binder agent, along with the inorganic filler and non-volatile additives. The non-solid content is often water or solvent that evaporates during the adhesive curing. Some two-component adhesives are cured by a chemical reaction between two parts. These adhesives do not include solvents or other carriers and are considered 100% solid. Because they do not contain water or solvents, they have a very little trend to shrink at the same time as cooking. Some adhesives have a small solid percentage of about 10 to 15 percentage.
efficacy of PVA solid contents (sample 1, using 10% w/v PVA, sample 2, 14% w/v PVA, and sample 3, 18% w/v PVA, based on aqueous phase) on the intrusion volume, the average pore size, and the bulk density. A decrease in pore volume and average interstice size was apperceived while the bulk density decreased. Low solid content can lead to a low drying rate which needs a long time to procedure
Viscosity:
Wood glues come in a diversity of strengths or viscosities. For example, CA glue is very thin and can flow into hairline cracks with related facilities. This is excellent for small repairs, splitting wood, or even tiny chips of wood that need to be glued back in place.
PVA glue is thicker than CA glue, although it can be a little runny. While it’s thick, PVA glue soaks into the wood fibers quickly to furnish close, exact joint assemblies.
Even thicker are polyurethane and epoxy glues. Polyurethane glues can indeed expand while drying, requiring secure clamping pressure to get an accurate joint. Epoxies are so thick that they can fill cracks and joints, drying in place and restoring the strength and monotony of aboard.
the increase of viscosity of PVA solution with increasing concentration is observed.
It is seen that the viscosity of PVA solution starts to increase at 7wt% and tends toward infinity when PVA concentration reach 10wt%. From viscosity curve, the intercept of 2 linear lines with different slopes for low and high viscosities was at 6.51 wt% and viscosity of 43.7 cP, indicating the highest solid content of PVA in water solution at the lowest possible viscosity.
Thermal analysis
The thermal characteristics including the crystallization temperature (Tc ), glass transition temperature (Tg), melting temperature (Tm), melting enthalpy (DHf), and degree of crystallization (Xc) of the commercial PVA and the PVA films prepared from different concentrations are summarized in this Table.
As shown in Table 1, significant changes can be observed in the Tc, Tg, Tm, and Xc of PVA with different concentrations of PVA solution. The shift in Tc and Tm toward higher temperatures of the PVA films indicates the increase of crystallinity due to the plasticising effect of the water [13]. Fig. 2 shows the DSC cooling (A) and heating (B) thermograms for commercial PVA and the PVA films. Commercial PVA exhibited clear Tg at 72.6?C and prominent melting endotherm at around 166.2?C, indicating a semicrystalline structure. The influence of molecular level interactions between PVA and water were reported to mostly relate with amorphous region in PVA [14, 15]. The water molecules diffuse initially through the amorphous region of the PVA and attach themselves to hydroxyl side groups, disrupting inter and intra molecular hydrogen bonding, and swelling the PVA.
Finally, the free water existing in the PVA molecules leads to the reduction of crystalline region.
Minimum Film forming temperature (MFT):
The minimum film-forming temperature refers to the minimum temperature at which polymers form a conditioning film, represented by MFT.
In brief
Wood glue is not the same as PVA craft glue.
PVA wood glues come in two major types – white PVA wood glues and aliphatic resins – and both of these are formulated from the same synthetic resin (polyvinyl acetate) as craft glue.
White PVA wood glues are essentially modified versions of craft glue that improve on some of the weaknesses of basic PVA, including, for example, improving overall strength and providing better moisture resistance.
Aliphatic resins are another modified kind of PVA that use tackifiers to better improve the attributes of standard PVA glue (even versus white PVA wood glues).
The yellow to brown color of aliphatic resins originally comes from dyes, and these are added primarily for marketing aims to differentiate these glues from white glues. The tackifiers do furnish sensible benefits such as increased rigidity, better resistance to creep, and improved moisture and heat resistance, though.
As mentioned above, we don’t recommend worrying too much about choosing a white PVA wood glue versus an aliphatic resin glue.
Why? Well, it can be very difficult to tell they are separated, and you can’t rely on color alone.
After all, some genuine aliphatic resins are made without dyes and dry white, and some cheaper PVA glues contain dyes even though the remainder of their properties fall short of what you’d expect from a good yellow wood glue.
In many cases, the manufacturer won’t specifically refer to a glue being an aliphatic resin either, and so you’ll be none the wiser with what you’re getting.
And because of this, we recommend picking a glue-based on its features rather than its classification.
With regard to regular PVA glue (i.e. craft glue, school glue, white glue, or whatever else you want to call it), it is possible to use this for your woodworking projects, and it is a viable alternative to wood glue if you don’t have any to hand.
Packing
It can forward in drum, IBC, bucket etc. according to customer request.
It can be (0.5, 1, 4, 10, 20, 22 lit) plastic containers depending on the customer’s order and packed on the pallet and 16 tons will be loaded in 20ft container.
Each empty IBC tank has (35 to 45 kg) weight and it can be loaded with 900 kg of PVA.
The capacity of one 20ft container is 80pcs drums.
Our company, guaranteed selling and delivery of any type of PVA with every packing, refers to customer requirement over the world. Our packing types involves various weight ranges from 0.5 kg bucket on wooden pallets till 1 ton IBC that all of these make transferring easy and also being safe for shipment. Our company is ready to take any offer list from each area on the world to send products with any packing type.
