Sodium methoxide
What is Sodium Methoxide?
Sodium methoxide is a highly versatile chemical compound used in various industries. It plays a crucial role in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, and biodiesel production. This compound is created by the reaction of sodium with methanol, resulting in a powerful base and nucleophile.
Chemical Identity
- Chemical Formula: CH3NaO in CH3OH
- CAS Number: 124-41-4 (Sodium Methoxide), 67-56-1 (Methanol)
- Molecular Weight:
- Sodium Methoxide: 54.02 g/mol
- Methanol: 32.04 g/mol
- Boiling point: 350 °C (662 °F; 623 K) (decomposition)
Physical and Chemical Properties
- Physical State: Liquid
- Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow solution
- Odor: Characteristic alcohol-like odor
- Solubility: Fully soluble in ethanol, methanol; Insoluble in hydrocarbons
- Density: Approximately 0.89 g/cm³ (solution)
Price of Sodium Methoxide
The price of sodium methoxide is influenced by various factors, making it essential for stakeholders to stay informed about current trends and forecasts. Understanding these dynamics helps in making informed decisions, whether for procurement, investment, or strategic planning.
Today 23 June 2024 market price of sodium methoxide is 1500USD/MT FOB value + 200USD depend on purity and order quantity.
Packing of Sodium methoxode for shipment
It is packed in drum and filled up the drum with nitrogen to prevent any oxidizing. 80 drum per 20ft container and each drum 106Kg Net.
Specification of SMO Sodium Methoxide
Composition and Purity
- Moisture Content (by KF): 0.25 %w/w
- Purity: 99.5% – 99%
- Free Alkalinity as NaOH: 0.55 %w/w
- Total Alkalinity as NaOCH3: 99.34 %w/w
- Sodium Carbonate Content: 0.24 %w/w
- Chlorides: 100 ppm
- Mercury Content: NIL
- Iron Content: Not more than 10 ppm
MSDS of Sodium Methoxide
Handling Precautions
It is highly reactive and requires careful handling. It should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from moisture. Proper protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, is essential when handling this compound.
Potential Hazards
Exposure to sodium methoxide can cause severe skin and eye irritation. Inhalation of its vapors can lead to respiratory issues. Therefore, it is crucial to follow safety protocols to minimize risks.
Emergency Measures
In case of exposure, immediate measures should be taken. For skin contact, rinse thoroughly with water and seek medical attention. If inhaled, move to fresh air and consult a healthcare professional.
Why use 30% sodium Methoxide in Methanol?
Sodium methoxide in methanol (30% solution) is commonly used in various chemical reactions and industrial applications due to its efficiency and properties. Here are the reasons for using a 30% sodium methoxide solution in methanol:
Strong Base and Nucleophile: Sodium methoxide is a strong base and nucleophile, making it highly effective for deprotonation and nucleophilic substitution reactions.
Catalyst in Biodiesel Production: It is widely used as a catalyst in the transesterification process for biodiesel production. The 30% concentration provides a good balance between reactivity and ease of handling.
Solubility and Stability: In methanol, sodium methoxide is highly soluble, which ensures a uniform and effective reaction. The methanol also acts as a solvent for the reaction, improving the overall process.
Controlled Reactivity: A 30% solution offers controlled reactivity, making it safer and more manageable compared to higher concentrations, which can be more hazardous.
Ease of Handling and Storage: Solutions at this concentration are easier to handle and store, reducing risks associated with the use of more concentrated or pure sodium methoxide.
Sodium Methoxide (CH3ONa) Structure and Melting Point
Structure:
Chemical Formula: CH3ONa
Molecular Structure: Sodium methoxide consists of a sodium (Na) ion bonded to a methoxide ion (CH3O-). The structure can be depicted as:
Na+ - O-CH3
- Methoxide Ion (CH3O-): This is a negatively charged ion formed by the deprotonation of methanol (CH3OH). It consists of a methyl group (CH3-) bonded to an oxygen atom (O-).
- Sodium Ion (Na+): The positively charged sodium ion balances the negative charge of the methoxide ion.
Melting Point:
- The melting point of sodium methoxide is approximately 127-128°C (260-262°F).
Sodium methoxide is a white to off-white crystalline powder and is highly reactive, especially in the presence of moisture, as it readily reacts with water to form methanol and sodium hydroxide.
Differences Between Sold Sodium Methoxide and Solution
It is a chemical compound with the formula CH₃ONa. It’s a strong base commonly used in organic chemistry. It can be sold in two primary forms:
1. Solid Sodium Methoxide
- Appearance: White to light yellow solid.
- Purity: Generally higher purity compared to solutions.
- Reactivity: Highly reactive, especially with moisture and carbon dioxide.
- Handling: Requires careful handling due to its reactivity and hygroscopic nature.
- Storage: Needs to be stored in airtight containers in a cool, dry place.
2. Sodium Methoxide Solution
- Appearance: Colorless to slightly yellow liquid.
- Composition: Typically a solution of sodium methoxide in methanol.
- Concentration: Varies depending on the manufacturer, but commonly around 30% w/w.
- Reactivity: Less reactive than the solid form but still requires careful handling.
- Handling: Easier to handle and measure compared to the solid form.
Key Differences Summary
Feature | Solid Sodium Methoxide | Sodium Methoxide Solution |
---|---|---|
Physical state | Solid | Liquid |
Purity | Generally higher | Lower purity |
Reactivity | Highly reactive | Less reactive |
Handling | Difficult | Easier |
Storage | Requires airtight containers | Less stringent storage requirements |
Note: Both forms are highly flammable and react violently with water, producing heat and flammable hydrogen gas. Proper safety precautions must always be followed when handling sodium methoxide.
Industrial Applications of Sodium Methoxide
Organic Synthesis
In organic synthesis, sodium methoxide serves as a strong base. It is essential in the production of numerous chemicals and pharmaceuticals. Its ability to deprotonate compounds makes it invaluable in forming carbon-carbon bonds.
Pharmaceuticals
The pharmaceutical industry relies heavily on sodium methoxide. It aids in the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Its role in forming ester and ether bonds is crucial for developing new medications.
Biodiesel Production
Sodium methoxide is a key catalyst in biodiesel production. It helps convert triglycerides into biodiesel through transesterification. This process is vital for creating sustainable fuel alternatives.
Benefits of Using Sodium Methoxide
Efficiency in Chemical Reactions
Powder of Sodium methoxide enhances the efficiency of chemical reactions. Its strong basicity allows for quicker reaction times and higher yields. This efficiency is particularly beneficial in large-scale industrial applications.
Cost-Effective
Using sodium methoxide is cost-effective for many industries. It reduces the need for expensive catalysts and reaction conditions. This cost efficiency is crucial for maintaining profitability in competitive markets.
Environmental Impact
The Sodium methoxide contributes to environmentally friendly processes. In biodiesel production, it facilitates the use of renewable resources. This reduces the carbon footprint of fuel production.
Conclusion
Sodium methoxide is an indispensable compound in various industries. Its role in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, and biodiesel production highlights its versatility. While it offers numerous benefits, safety precautions are essential. Proper handling and awareness of potential hazards ensure safe and efficient use. This guide provides an overview of sodium methoxide, its applications, benefits, and safety measures.